WARNING: IT’S PRIME TIME FOR ENERGY DRINKS

A new energy drink has taken the market for such beverages by storm and have achieved a cult like status thanks in no small part to the fame of the beverage’s creators, YouTube stars Logan Paul and KSI, who together have over 40 million subscribers. The drink is branded Prime Energy and is a highly caffeinated beverage in brightly colored cans with flavors such as Ice Pop and Tropical Punch.


Now, some politicians and experts are raising serious concerns about whether or not the drink is safe for young people. No less a figure than Senate Majority Leader Charles E. Schumer (D-NY) has said that Prime's website lacks warnings and other information to help parents understand the "eye-popping" caffeine content in its drinks. Schumer wants the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to investigate the company, which he claims is "feverishly" targeting children. I checked the website, and the Senator is absolutely right. There are NO warnings or any other safety information about the high amount of caffeine in the drink (200 mg/12 oz.can) or any admonitions about restricting its use among children. This is a direct quote from the front page of their website:

"PRIME was developed to fill the void where great taste meets function. With bold, thirst-quenching flavors to help you refresh, replenish, and refuel, PRIME is the perfect boost for any endeavor. We're confident you'll love it as much as we do."


The rest of their website is filled with pictures and descriptions of their many flavored products, all colorfully illustrated, which Schumer believes is a deliberate ploy to attract children. In fairness to Prime, the back of each can contains the following safety message: "Drink responsibly. Not recommended for children under 18 years of age, people sensitive to caffeine, pregnant women and women who are nursing." Schumer, however, doesn't believe this is an adequate warning because it fails to outright ban the product for anyone under 18.

The question for all of us should be: Is Prime safe for both children and adults? First of all, 200 milligrams of caffeine in a 12-ounce can is about 6 times the amount of caffeine in a comparable can of Coca-Cola. In addition to its high levels of caffeine, Prime also contains ingredients commonly found in other energy drinks (e.g., taurine, inositol, l-theanine and glucuronolactone). The company also makes a non-caffeinated beverage which Schumer believes parents could get mixed up with the caffeinated beverage because they both use similar brightly colored cans. As the following images indicate, I believe Schumer has a point. It might be challenging both for parents and children to tell the two beverages apart.

Canadian health authorities have also voiced concern that cans of Prime sold there may be exceeding regulations on limits for caffeine. How does Prime compare to other caffeinated beverages? Most energy drinks have less caffeine than Prime. Starbucks Cold Brew (11 oz.) has 155 mg, Monster Energy (12 oz.) has 123 mg, Red Bull (12 oz.) has 108 mg, Diet Coke (12 oz.) has 46.8 mg, Snapple Iced Peach Tea (16 oz.) has 37 mg. 

Is 200 mg a lot of caffeine? It depends on who you are and what your underlying health conditions may be. 200 mg of caffeine is roughly equivalent to drinking 2 cups of coffee a day, not unusual for most adults. Caffeine is a stimulant that is found naturally in plants and can affect our central nervous system that can boost our alertness and enhance our ability to concentrate.  However, pediatricians recommend that children under 12 avoid caffeine completely and kids 12 and older consume NO MORE THAN 100 mg/day. Many physicians recommend that adults should have no more than 400 mg/day, which is about 4-5 cups of coffee. According to the FDA, which doesn't require beverage companies to list the amount of caffeine on their products, rapid consumption of around 1200 mg of caffeine can lead to "toxic effects," such as seizures. Some people are more sensitive to caffeine than others. It depends on the speed your body metabolizes the stimulant and whether you have a high tolerance level for caffeine after drinking coffee, etc. for years. Most doctors would advise people with high blood pressure or some other preexisting conditions to consider limiting their amount of caffeine. Too much caffeine can cause anxiety, agitation, sleeplessness, gastrointestinal problems and even cardiovascular symptoms.

The problem with energy drinks is that they are more likely to be consumed at a faster rate than either coffee or tea because they are chilled beverages and not served steaming hot. The CDC believes that the stimulants in energy drinks can cause dehydration, anxiety, insomnia and heart complications, including skipping beats, symptoms more likely to be felt by children or teenagers consuming the same amount of caffeine as an adult. If you take a high dose of caffeine to stay more awake, to stimulate your brain, such as done by students relying on energy drinks to help them stay awake to finish homework or write a paper, it will also affect your heart rate, blood pressure and your stomach's gastric secretions.

As the Warnings Doctor, my advice is for adults to limit their caffeine intake to no more than what is found in about 4 cups of coffee/day and for adults with high blood pressure or other pre-existing conditions, to consult their doctors before consuming any caffeine. It's always good advice for children under 12 to avoid any stimulants, including caffeine, and for those children 12-18, limit caffeine intake to no more than 100 mg/day, about the same amount as in 1 cup of coffee/day. As for Prime Energy, absolutely avoid this drink if you are under 18.


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